{"id":18267,"date":"2026-06-25T16:37:18","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T14:37:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=18267"},"modified":"2026-06-25T17:15:48","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T15:15:48","slug":"carpetes-de-beenin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=18267","title":{"rendered":"Carpetes de Deepin"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">miquel@beseit-PC:~$ sudo code --no-sandbox --user-data-dir=\"\/root\/.vscode-root\" \/\n<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"780\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7-1024x780.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18268\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7-1024x780.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7-300x229.png 300w, https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7-768x585.png 768w, https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7-394x300.png 394w, https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/image-7.png 1169w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\ud83e\udded <strong>Estructura b\u00e0sica del sistema Linux<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Carpeta<\/th><th>Qu\u00e8 cont\u00e9<\/th><th>Exemple<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th><code>\/usr<\/code><\/th><td>Aplicacions i biblioteques del sistema (programes instal\u00b7lats)<\/td><td><code>\/usr\/bin<\/code>, <code>\/usr\/lib<\/code>, <code>\/usr\/share<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><code>\/home<\/code><\/th><td>Carpetes personals dels usuaris<\/td><td><code>\/home\/miquel<\/code>, <code>\/home\/jordi<\/code>, etc.<\/td><\/tr><tr><th><code>\/root<\/code><\/th><td>Carpeta personal de l\u2019usuari administrador (root)<\/td><td><code>\/root<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><code>\/etc<\/code><\/th><td>Fitxers de configuraci\u00f3 del sistema<\/td><td><code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code>, <code>\/etc\/network\/interfaces<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00ed, Miquel \u2014 <strong>aquesta estructura b\u00e0sica de carpetes \u00e9s comuna a <\/strong><em><strong>tots<\/strong><\/em><strong> els sistemes Linux<\/strong>, per\u00f2 amb alguns matisos importants que val la pena con\u00e8ixer perqu\u00e8 t\u2019ajuden a entendre qu\u00e8 \u00e9s est\u00e0ndard i qu\u00e8 dep\u00e8n de cada distribuci\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udde9 <strong>1. El que \u00e9s 100% com\u00fa a tots els Linux (est\u00e0ndard FHS)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La majoria de distribucions segueixen l\u2019est\u00e0ndard <strong>FHS (Filesystem Hierarchy Standard)<\/strong>, que defineix les carpetes b\u00e0siques del sistema. Aquestes s\u00f3n pr\u00e0cticament iguals a Ubuntu, Debian, Fedora, Arch, Deepin, Mint, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les carpetes que <em>sempre<\/em> trobar\u00e0s:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>\/bin<\/code> \u2014 ordres b\u00e0siques del sistema<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/sbin<\/code> \u2014 eines d\u2019administraci\u00f3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/etc<\/code> \u2014 configuracions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/usr<\/code> \u2014 programes i biblioteques<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/var<\/code> \u2014 fitxers variables (logs, bases de dades, cues\u2026)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/home<\/code> \u2014 carpetes dels usuaris<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/root<\/code> \u2014 home de l\u2019usuari root<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/tmp<\/code> \u2014 fitxers temporals<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/lib<\/code><strong> \/ <\/strong><code>\/lib64<\/code> \u2014 biblioteques del sistema<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/boot<\/code> \u2014 arrencada del sistema<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/dev<\/code> \u2014 dispositius<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/proc<\/code> \u2014 informaci\u00f3 del kernel<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/sys<\/code> \u2014 interf\u00edcie amb el kernel<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/run<\/code> \u2014 dades temporals d\u2019execuci\u00f3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s el \u201cnucli\u201d com\u00fa de qualsevol Linux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udde9 <strong>2. El que pot variar segons la distribuci\u00f3<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tot i que l\u2019estructura base \u00e9s comuna, hi ha difer\u00e8ncies segons la filosofia de cada distro:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Distribucions amb sistema immutable (com Deepin, Fedora Silverblue, Endless OS)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>\/usr<\/code> pot ser <strong>nom\u00e9s lectura<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u2019utilitzen <strong>overlays<\/strong> per afegir canvis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Algunes carpetes poden estar gestionades per OSTree o tecnologies similars<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aix\u00f2 explica per qu\u00e8 al teu Deepin veies <code>\/usr<\/code> muntat com a <em>read\u2011only<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Distribucions minimalistes (Arch, Alpine)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Poden tenir menys carpetes o versions m\u00e9s simples<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Per\u00f2 mantenen l\u2019estructura FHS b\u00e0sica<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udd39 <strong>Distribucions amb systemd vs sense systemd<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Amb systemd: <code>\/run<\/code>, <code>\/sys<\/code>, <code>\/proc<\/code> tenen m\u00e9s subcarpetes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sense systemd (Void, Devuan): estructura similar per\u00f2 amb difer\u00e8ncies internes<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83e\udde9 <strong>3. Carpetes que NO s\u00f3n est\u00e0ndard i depenen del sistema<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquestes poden apar\u00e8ixer o no:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>\/snap<\/code> (Ubuntu)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/flatpak<\/code> (sistemes amb Flatpak)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/opt<\/code> (programes comercials o externs)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/srv<\/code> (serveis web, FTP, etc.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>\/media<\/code><strong> i <\/strong><code>\/mnt<\/code> (punts de muntatge, per\u00f2 el contingut varia)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfaf <strong>Resposta curta i clara<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S\u00ed, l\u2019estructura que has vist \u00e9s comuna a tots els Linux, perqu\u00e8 segueix l\u2019est\u00e0ndard FHS.<\/strong> <strong>El que canvia entre distribucions \u00e9s el contingut, permisos i tecnologies internes (com OSTree a Deepin).<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si vols, puc preparar-te una taula comparativa entre <strong>Deepin<\/strong>, <strong>Ubuntu<\/strong>, <strong>Fedora<\/strong> i <strong>Arch<\/strong> perqu\u00e8 vegis exactament qu\u00e8 \u00e9s igual i qu\u00e8 canvia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83e\udded Estructura b\u00e0sica del sistema Linux Carpeta Qu\u00e8 cont\u00e9 Exemple \/usr Aplicacions i biblioteques del sistema (programes instal\u00b7lats) \/usr\/bin, \/usr\/lib, \/usr\/share \/home Carpetes personals dels usuaris \/home\/miquel, \/home\/jordi, etc. \/root Carpeta personal de l\u2019usuari administrador (root) \/root \/etc Fitxers de &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=18267\">Continua llegint <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[207,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18267","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deepin-linux","category-bloc-de-notes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18267","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18267"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18267\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18279,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18267\/revisions\/18279"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18267"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18267"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18267"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}