{"id":18606,"date":"2026-08-02T09:59:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-02T07:59:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=18606"},"modified":"2026-08-02T10:26:55","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T08:26:55","slug":"restauracio-de-la-copia-de-seguretat-especial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=18606","title":{"rendered":"Restauraci\u00f3 de la c\u00f2pia de seguretat especial"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Objectiu: <\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Instal\u00b7lar Deepin (Linux) a qualsevol ordinador tipus PC amb les seves aplicacions normalitzades a casa de forma que no necessiti cap instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 addicional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 de Deepin 25 amb &#8216;Deepin Live&#8217;<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 de Deepin 25 des del mode Live inclou:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Sistema operatiu base:<\/strong> Kernel Linux, gestor d&#8217;arrencada (GRUB), i sistema de fitxers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Entorn d&#8217;escriptori DDE (Deepin Desktop Environment):<\/strong> Interf\u00edcie gr\u00e0fica completa amb panell, llan\u00e7ador d&#8217;aplicacions, centre de control<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplicacions b\u00e0siques del sistema:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gestor de fitxers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Terminal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Editor de text<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Navegador web (normalment Chrome o Firefox)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reproductor multim\u00e8dia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Visor d&#8217;imatges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Calculadora<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gestor de paquets<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Controladors b\u00e0sics:<\/strong> Drivers per a targetes gr\u00e0fiques, xarxa, so i perif\u00e8rics comuns<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Serveis del sistema:<\/strong> NetworkManager, PulseAudio\/PipeWire, CUPS (impressi\u00f3)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Eines de configuraci\u00f3:<\/strong> Centre de control de Deepin per a personalitzaci\u00f3 del sistema<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Proc\u00e9s d&#8217;instal\u00b7laci\u00f3:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Arrencar des del USB Live de Deepin 25<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seleccionar idioma i disposici\u00f3 de teclat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Configurar particions del disc (autom\u00e0tic o manual)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Crear usuari i contrasenya<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Instal\u00b7lar el sistema (15-30 minuts)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reiniciar i completar configuraci\u00f3 inicial<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Instal\u00b7lar el directori: \/home\/Miquel<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El directori <code>\/home\/Miquel<\/code> cont\u00e9 tota la configuraci\u00f3 personal i dades de l&#8217;usuari:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Configuracions d&#8217;aplicacions:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.config\/<\/code> &#8211; Configuracions de totes les aplicacions (navegador, editor, terminal, etc.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.local\/<\/code> &#8211; Dades locals i aplicacions instal\u00b7lades per l&#8217;usuari<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.cache\/<\/code> &#8211; Mem\u00f2ria cau d&#8217;aplicacions<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dades personals:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Documents\/<\/code> &#8211; Documents de text, PDFs, fulls de c\u00e0lcul<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Desc\u00e0rregues\/<\/code> &#8211; Fitxers descarregats<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Imatges\/<\/code> &#8211; Fotos i imatges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>V\u00eddeos\/<\/code> &#8211; Arxius de v\u00eddeo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>M\u00fasica\/<\/code> &#8211; Arxius d&#8217;\u00e0udio<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Escriptori\/<\/code> &#8211; Fitxers i accessos directes de l&#8217;escriptori<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Configuracions espec\u00edfiques:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.bashrc<\/code> &#8211; Configuraci\u00f3 del terminal Bash<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.profile<\/code> &#8211; Variables d&#8217;entorn de l&#8217;usuari<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.ssh\/<\/code> &#8211; Claus SSH per a connexions remotes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.gnupg\/<\/code> &#8211; Claus GPG per a xifrat<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.mozilla\/<\/code> o <code>.config\/google-chrome\/<\/code> &#8211; Configuraci\u00f3 del navegador (marcadors, extensions, historial)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>.thunderbird\/<\/code> &#8211; Configuraci\u00f3 del client de correu (si s&#8217;utilitza)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Personalitzaci\u00f3 de l&#8217;escriptori:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fons de pantalla personalitzats<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Temes i icones<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Configuraci\u00f3 del panell i llan\u00e7ador<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u00e8tode de restauraci\u00f3:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># Copiar el directori des de la c\u00f2pia de seguretat\nsudo cp -r \/ruta\/copia_seguretat\/home\/Miquel \/home\/\nsudo chown -R Miquel:Miquel \/home\/Miquel<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Restaurar la part del sistema necess\u00e0ria i no inclosa en el punt 1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>coses que instal\u00b7la:<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquesta secci\u00f3 cobreix el software addicional i les configuracions del sistema que no venen amb la instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 base de Deepin 25, incloent-hi el navegador web i els enlla\u00e7os a les unitats de xarxa Synology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 Navegador web: Firefox CAT 153.0.1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Qu\u00e8 s&#8217;instal\u00b7la:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Firefox 153.0.1 en catal\u00e0<\/strong>: navegador web amb la interf\u00edcie i el diccionari en catal\u00e0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Configuraci\u00f3 personal del navegador<\/strong> (restaurada des del <code>\/home\/Miquel<\/code>):<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marcadors\/favorits<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Extensions instal\u00b7lades<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Historial i contrasenyes desades<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Configuraci\u00f3 de privadesa i cookies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Motor de cerca per defecte<\/strong> configurat (ex. DuckDuckGo, Google, etc.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u00e8tode d&#8217;instal\u00b7laci\u00f3:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># Opci\u00f3 A: Instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 via paquet .deb o tarball oficial de Mozilla\nsudo apt install firefox-esr firefox-esr-l10n-ca   # si es fa servir la versi\u00f3 ESR\n# O b\u00e9 descarregar directament la versi\u00f3 153.0.1 en catal\u00e0 des de mozilla.org\ntar -xjf firefox-153.0.1.tar.bz2 -C \/opt\/\nsudo ln -s \/opt\/firefox\/firefox \/usr\/bin\/firefox\n\n# Opci\u00f3 B: Via Flatpak (si el sistema ho suporta)\nflatpak install flathub org.mozilla.firefox\nflatpak override --user --lang=ca org.mozilla.firefox<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Verificaci\u00f3:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">firefox --version   # ha de retornar: Mozilla Firefox 153.0.1<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 Enlla\u00e7os a unitats Synology (192.168.1.41 i 192.168.1.49)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Qu\u00e8 s&#8217;instal\u00b7la\/configura:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Muntatge autom\u00e0tic de les unitats de xarxa Synology<\/strong> via SMB\/CIFS o NFS<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Enlla\u00e7os (bookmarks) al gestor de fitxers de Deepin<\/strong> perqu\u00e8 apareguin a la barra lateral esquerra (com es veu a la captura: <code>192.168.1.41<\/code> i <code>192.168.1.49<\/code> sota \u00abXarxa\u00bb \/ \u00abRed\u00bb)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Credencial emmagatzemada<\/strong> per a l&#8217;acc\u00e9s (usuari\/contrasenya o convidat)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Punts de muntatge persistents<\/strong> a <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> o via <code>autofs<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Configuraci\u00f3 dels muntatges:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># Crear directoris de muntatge\nsudo mkdir -p \/mnt\/synology1   # per a 192.168.1.41\nsudo mkdir -p \/mnt\/synology2   # per a 192.168.1.49\n\n# Afegir al \/etc\/fstab per muntatge autom\u00e0tic en arrencar\n# (adaptar usuari, contrasenya i recursos compartits)\necho \"\/\/192.168.1.41\/volum1 \/mnt\/synology1 cifs credentials=\/home\/Miquel\/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0\" | sudo tee -a \/etc\/fstab\necho \"\/\/192.168.1.49\/volum1 \/mnt\/synology2 cifs credentials=\/home\/Miquel\/.smbcredentials,iocharset=utf8,uid=1000,gid=1000 0 0\" | sudo tee -a \/etc\/fstab\n\n# Crear fitxer de credencials (m\u00e9s segur que posar la contrasenya al fstab)\ncat > \/home\/Miquel\/.smbcredentials &lt;&lt; EOF\nusername=el_teu_usuari\npassword=la_teva_contrasenya\nEOF\nsudo chmod 600 \/home\/Miquel\/.smbcredentials\nsudo chown Miquel:Miquel \/home\/Miquel\/.smbcredentials\n\n# Muntar immediatament\nsudo mount -a<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Afegir enlla\u00e7os al gestor de fitxers de Deepin:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Perqu\u00e8 apareguin a la barra lateral com a la captura (<code>192.168.1.41<\/code> i <code>192.168.1.49<\/code> sota \u00abXarxa\u00bb), cal editar el fitxer de marcadors del gestor de fitxers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># Deepin File Manager emmagatzema els marcadors a:\nnano \/home\/Miquel\/.config\/deepin\/dde-file-manager.json<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O b\u00e9 afegir entrades SMB directament des del gestor de fitxers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Obrir el <strong>Gestor de fitxers de Deepin<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anar a <strong>Xarxa<\/strong> \u2192 <strong>Connectar al servidor<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Introduir <code>smb:\/\/192.168.1.41<\/code> i <code>smb:\/\/192.168.1.49<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marcar com a <strong>favorit<\/strong> per a cada un<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Instal\u00b7lar paquets necessaris per a SMB\/CIFS:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\">sudo apt install cifs-utils smbclient<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 Resta de software i configuracions del sistema<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A m\u00e9s del navegador i les unitats Synology, es restaura:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Aplicacions d&#8217;ofim\u00e0tica:<\/strong> LibreOffice, visors de PDF<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Eines de desenvolupament:<\/strong> Git, editors de codi (VS Code), compiladors<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Aplicacions de comunicaci\u00f3:<\/strong> clients de correu, missatgeria, videoconfer\u00e8ncia<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Multim\u00e8dia:<\/strong> VLC, GIMP, Audacity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Eines de sistema:<\/strong> Timeshift, GParted, htop<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Configuracions del sistema:<\/strong> fitxers de <code>\/etc\/<\/code> personalitzats, serveis systemd, cron jobs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u00e8tode de restauraci\u00f3 global:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\" data-enlighter-theme=\"\" data-enlighter-highlight=\"\" data-enlighter-linenumbers=\"\" data-enlighter-lineoffset=\"\" data-enlighter-title=\"\" data-enlighter-group=\"\"># Restaurar llista de paquets\nsudo dpkg --set-selections &lt; \/ruta\/copia_seguretat\/paquets_instal\u00b7lats.txt\nsudo apt-get dselect-upgrade\n\n# Restaurar configuracions del sistema\nsudo cp -r \/ruta\/copia_seguretat\/etc_custom\/* \/etc\/\n\n# Reiniciar serveis\nsudo systemctl daemon-reload<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Verificaci\u00f3 final<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Element<\/th><th>Comprovaci\u00f3<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Firefox CAT 153.0.1<\/td><td><code>firefox --version<\/code> \u2192 <code>Mozilla Firefox 153.0.1<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Synology 192.168.1.41<\/td><td><code>ls \/mnt\/synology1<\/code> \u2192 ha de mostrar el contingut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Synology 192.168.1.49<\/td><td><code>ls \/mnt\/synology2<\/code> \u2192 ha de mostrar el contingut<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Enlla\u00e7os al gestor de fitxers<\/td><td>Apareixen a la barra lateral sota \u00abXarxa\u00bb<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Aplicacions addicionals<\/td><td>S&#8217;obren correctament des del llan\u00e7ador<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Configuracions personals<\/td><td>Totes restaurades des de <code>\/home\/Miquel<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Objectiu: Instal\u00b7lar Deepin (Linux) a qualsevol ordinador tipus PC amb les seves aplicacions normalitzades a casa de forma que no necessiti cap instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 addicional. 1. Instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 de Deepin 25 amb &#8216;Deepin Live&#8217; La instal\u00b7laci\u00f3 de Deepin 25 des del mode &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=18606\">Continua llegint <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3167,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18606","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bloc-de-notes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18606","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18606"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18606\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18618,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18606\/revisions\/18618"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18606"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18606"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18606"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}