{"id":4765,"date":"2013-10-13T17:10:08","date_gmt":"2013-10-13T15:10:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=4765"},"modified":"2014-10-30T17:46:38","modified_gmt":"2014-10-30T15:46:38","slug":"1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=4765","title":{"rendered":"1. El nom: g\u00e8nere"},"content":{"rendered":"<ol>\n<li>El grup m\u00e9s nombr\u00f3s de substantius afegeix una &#8230; <strong>a<\/strong>&#8230; al mascul\u00ed per a formar el femen\u00ed. (acad\u00e8mic acad\u00e8mic<strong>a<\/strong>, prom\u00e8s\u00a0 promes<strong>a<\/strong>, botiguer\u00a0 botiguer<strong>a, <\/strong>company company<strong>a<\/strong> )<\/li>\n<li>el acabats en \u00f2leg fan el femen\u00ed en &#8230;<strong>-\u00f2loga-&gt;\u00a0<\/strong> antrop\u00f2leg antrop\u00f2loga, arque\u00f2leg arque\u00f2loga, bi\u00f2leg bi\u00f2loga, fil\u00f2leg fil\u00f2loga, an\u00e0leg an\u00e0loga<\/li>\n<li>Els masculins que acaben en vocal t\u00f2nica hi afigen la terminaci\u00f3 -na per a formar el femen\u00ed: campi\u00f3 campiona, cos\u00ed cosina, guardi\u00e0 guardiana, xil\u00e8 xilena.<\/li>\n<li>En certs casos especials, el femen\u00ed es forma amb sufixos espec\u00edfics, com ara essa, -ina o -iu:<br \/>\ndiaca diaconessa<br \/>\npoeta poetessa<br \/>\nduc duquessa<br \/>\nalcalde alcaldessa<br \/>\nbatle batlessa<br \/>\ncomte comtessa<br \/>\ndiable diablessa<br \/>\nhoste hostessa<br \/>\njutge jutgessa<br \/>\nmetge metgessa<br \/>\nsastre sastressa<br \/>\ntigre tigressa<br \/>\nbar\u00f3 baronessa<br \/>\nvampir vampiressa<br \/>\nabat abadessa<br \/>\nsacerdot sacerdotessa<br \/>\nd\u00e9u deessa<br \/>\nballar\u00ed ballarina<br \/>\ngall gallina<br \/>\nheroi hero\u00efna<br \/>\ntsar tsarina<br \/>\nactor actriu<br \/>\nambaixador ambaixadriu<br \/>\nemperador emperadriu<br \/>\ninstitutor institutriu<\/li>\n<li>Alguns substantius femenins tenen un radical <strong>completament diferent<\/strong> al del mascul\u00ed corresponent:<br \/>\nase somera, cavall egua, gendre nora, home dona, marit muller, oncle tia, pare mare, porc truja, boc cabra, ovella marr\u00e0.<\/li>\n<li>Canvien de significat segons el g\u00e8nere: el fi, la fi&#8230; el s\u00f3n, la son&#8230; el llum, la llum.<br \/>\nLa fi de la pel\u00b7licula , el fi era aprendre<br \/>\ntinc molta son, s\u00f3n les quatre<br \/>\napaga el llum, la llum del sol m&#8217;enlluerna<\/li>\n<li>Dubte&#8230;mascul\u00ed, compte&#8230;m, corrent&#8230;m, senyal&#8230;m, llegum&#8230;m, costum&#8230;.m, dent&#8230;f, pebre&#8230;m, front&#8230;m, avantatge&#8230;m, s\u00edndrome&#8230;f, aroma..f,<\/li>\n<li>Hi ha tamb\u00e9 una s\u00e8rie de <strong>mots que s\u00f3n invariables<\/strong>, de manera que mantenen la mateixa forma per al mascul\u00ed i per al femen\u00ed:<br \/>\nel cap la cap<br \/>\nel conferenciant la conferenciant<br \/>\nel fiscal la fiscal<br \/>\nel gerent la gerent<br \/>\nel monarca la monarca<br \/>\n<strong>Els mots acabats en les terminacions -aire, -ista i -cida s\u00f3n invariables:<\/strong><br \/>\nel boletaire la boletaire<br \/>\nel captaire la captaire<br \/>\nel colombaire la colombaire<br \/>\nel drapaire la drapaire<br \/>\nun accionista una accionista<br \/>\nel banyista la banyista<br \/>\nl&#8217;humanista la humanista<br \/>\nel fratricida la fratricida<br \/>\nun homicida una homicida<br \/>\nel parricida la parricida<br \/>\nel su\u00efcida la su\u00efcida<br \/>\nTamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n invariables els substantius provinents d&#8217;adjectius d&#8217;una sola terminaci\u00f3:<br \/>\nel belga la belga<br \/>\nel jove la jove<br \/>\nel noble la noble<br \/>\nel salvatge la salvatge<\/li>\n<li>Un grup de substantius <strong>masculins es formen a partir dels femenins<\/strong> corresponents substituint la -a final pel sufix -ot:<br \/>\nabella abellot<br \/>\nbruixa bruixot<br \/>\ncabra cabrot<br \/>\nmerla merlot<\/li>\n<li>Alguns substantius acabats en -s doblen esta consonant i hi afigen una -a per a formar el femen\u00ed:<br \/>\ncapat\u00e0s capatassa<br \/>\nmest\u00eds mestissa<br \/>\ngos gossa<br \/>\nrus russa<\/li>\n<li>Hi ha un nombre redu\u00eft de noms d&#8217;animals que s&#8217;usen en un sol g\u00e8nere i, si se&#8217;n vol distingir el sexe, cal afegir-hi els mots mascle o femella:<br \/>\nel rossinyol mascle el rossinyol femella<br \/>\nla cadernera mascle la cadernera femella<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El grup m\u00e9s nombr\u00f3s de substantius afegeix una &#8230; a&#8230; al mascul\u00ed per a formar el femen\u00ed. (acad\u00e8mic acad\u00e8mica, prom\u00e8s\u00a0 promesa, botiguer\u00a0 botiguera, company companya ) el acabats en \u00f2leg fan el femen\u00ed en &#8230;-\u00f2loga-&gt;\u00a0 antrop\u00f2leg antrop\u00f2loga, arque\u00f2leg arque\u00f2loga, bi\u00f2leg &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=4765\">Continua llegint <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bloc-de-notes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4765","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4765"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4765\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4767,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4765\/revisions\/4767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}