{"id":5892,"date":"2015-01-24T22:02:45","date_gmt":"2015-01-24T20:02:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=5892"},"modified":"2015-01-26T17:47:14","modified_gmt":"2015-01-26T15:47:14","slug":"les-perifrasis-verbals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=5892","title":{"rendered":"LES PER\u00cdFRASIS VERBALS"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Les per\u00edfrasis verbals s\u00f3n la uni\u00f3 de dos verbs, un d&#8217;auxiliar, que es conjuga adoptant el temps i la persona corresponents, i un de principal, que pren la forma d&#8217;infinitiu, gerundi o participi. La uni\u00f3 de tots dos expressa una idea \u00fanica.<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"800\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>per\u00edfrasi <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Exemple <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>tipus <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>haver de <\/em> + infinitiu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Hem de pintar <\/strong> l&#8217;habitaci\u00f3.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi d&#8217;obligaci\u00f3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>deure <\/em> + infinitiu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Dec fer <\/strong> mala cara perqu\u00e8 no he dormit.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi de probabilitat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>anar a <\/em> + infinitiu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Vaig a fer <\/strong>-me una revisi\u00f3.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi d&#8217;immin\u00e8ncia<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>venir a <\/em> + infinitiu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Vinc a fer <\/strong> les pr\u00e0ctiques.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi aproximativa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>tornar a <\/em> + infinitiu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Torna a repetir <\/strong> l&#8217;examen.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi reiterativa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>poder <\/em> + infinitiu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Pots parlar <\/strong>quan vulguis.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi de possibilitat<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>arribar a <\/em> + infinitiu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>He arribat a fer <\/strong> el cim.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi ponderativa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>acabar de <\/em> + infinitiu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Acabo de tornar <\/strong> de fer vacances.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi temporal<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>estar <\/em> + gerundi<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Est\u00e0 fent <\/strong> gu\u00e0rdia.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi durativa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>anar <\/em> + gerundi<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\"><strong>Anem engreixant <\/strong> el ramat.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi durativa o repetitiva<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>tenir <\/em> + participi<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\">Ho <strong>tenim comprovat <\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi resolutiva<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>deixar <\/em> + participi<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\">Si te&#8217;n vas, ho <strong>deixes dit <\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi resolutiva<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"155\"><em>quedar <\/em> + participi<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"206\">El foc <strong> ha quedat apagat <\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"172\">per\u00edfrasi consecutiva<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Quan volem expressar <strong>obligaci\u00f3 <\/strong>hem d&#8217;evitar absolutament la construcci\u00f3 castellanitzant \u201ctenir que\u201d. Tampoc no s\u00f3n correctes les construccions d&#8217;obligaci\u00f3 \u201chaver-hi que\u201d i \u201cser prec\u00eds que\u201d, perqu\u00e8 tamb\u00e9 s\u00f3n calcs del castell\u00e0.<\/p>\n<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"227\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>Exemples correctes <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"227\">\n<p align=\"center\"><strong>exemples incorrectes <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"227\">He d&#8217;estudiar m\u00e9s. He de fer el sopar. s&#8217;han de\u00a0 fer moltes coses. Cal que facis els deures<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"227\">Tinc que estudiar m\u00e9s.Tinc que fer el sopar.Hi ha que fer moltes coses.\u00c9s prec\u00eds que facis els deures.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Per\u00edfrasis de obligaci\u00f3<\/strong>:<del>Hi ha que fer alguna cosa<\/del> &#8211;&gt;cal fer alguna cosa , s&#8217;ha de fer alguna cosa<\/p>\n<p><strong>Per\u00edfrasis de probabilitat<\/strong><br \/>\nQuan volem expressar la idea de probabilitat, ho podem fer amb la per\u00edfrasi <strong><em>deure <\/em> + infinitiu <\/strong>(que equival a un verb acompanyat d&#8217;un adverbi com <em>probablement, segurament o potser <\/em>):\u00a0 Potser \/ segurament \/ probablement no vindran = Ja no deuran venir.<br \/>\nExemples:<br \/>\n<strong>En el present: <\/strong>Deu ser bona persona. Deuen tenir gana. Deus voler alguna cosa.<br \/>\n<strong>En el passat: <\/strong>Devies tenir son. <del>deuries tenir son<\/del>. Devies voler que et mimessin.<br \/>\n<strong>En el futur: <\/strong>L&#8217;any vinent ja no el deuran fer, tot aquest muntatge.<\/p>\n<p>Quan volem expressar <strong>probabilitat <\/strong>cal evitar les construccions en temps futur del tipus \u201ctindran gana\u201d, \u201cser\u00e0 molt tard\u201d, \u201dvoldr\u00e0 alguna cosa\u201d perqu\u00e8 s\u00f3n un calc del castell\u00e0. Hem de dir: <strong>Deuen tenir <\/strong> gana. <strong>Deu ser <\/strong> molt tard. <strong>Deu voler <\/strong> alguna cosa.<br \/>\nIgualment, en el passat cal evitar les construccions en temps condicional, com fa el castell\u00e0. No hem de dir \u201ctindries molta gana\u201d <em>, <\/em>sin\u00f3: <strong>Devies tenir <\/strong>molta gana.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Per\u00edfrasis d&#8217;immin\u00e8ncia <\/strong>La immin\u00e8ncia s&#8217;expressa amb les per\u00edfrasis: <strong><em>Estar a punt de <\/em><\/strong><strong> + infinitiu , <\/strong>Estic a punt d&#8217;acabar.<br \/>\n<strong><em>Estar per <\/em><\/strong><strong> + infinitiu <\/strong>Ara estic per fer les maletes.<br \/>\n<strong><em>Anar a <\/em><\/strong><strong> + infinitiu <\/strong>Ho anava a dir, per\u00f2 vaig callar.<br \/>\nAquesta \u00faltima construcci\u00f3 nom\u00e9s la fem servir en el passat. Si ens projectem cap al futur, s&#8217;aconsella que el verb vagi en futur, precedit de l&#8217;adverbi <em>ara: <\/em>Ara ho far\u00e9. ( <em>no <\/em>: vaig a fer-ho)\u00a0 Ara t&#8217;ho dir\u00e9. ( <em>no <\/em>: vaig a dir-t&#8217;ho)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Per\u00edfrasi d&#8217;intencionalitat <\/strong><strong><em>Voler <\/em><\/strong><strong> + infinitiu\u00a0 <\/strong>Vol\u00edem casar-nos l&#8217;any que ve.<\/p>\n<h4 align=\"center\"><span class=\"Estilo5\"><strong>Per\u00edfrasis de gerundi<\/strong> <\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Per expressar la durada d&#8217;una acci\u00f3 tenim la per\u00edfrasi verbal <strong><em>estar <\/em> + gerundi: <\/strong><br \/>\nEstic fent el dinar.<br \/>\nPer expressar una acci\u00f3 reiterada farem servir la per\u00edfrasi <strong><em>anar <\/em> + gerundi: <\/strong><br \/>\nSi ho anem trampejant, ens en sortirem.<br \/>\nI per expressar el car\u00e0cter continuatiu d&#8217;una acci\u00f3 fem servir les per\u00edfrasis <strong><em>continuar <\/em> + gerundi <\/strong>i <strong><em>seguir <\/em> + gerundi: <\/strong><br \/>\nLa Maria va continuar treballant, com si res no l&#8217;afect\u00e9s.<br \/>\nLa Maria va seguir treballant, com si res no l&#8217;afect\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\"><span class=\"Estilo5\"><strong>Per\u00edfrasis de participi<\/strong> <\/span><\/div>\n<p><strong><em>Quedar <\/em><\/strong><strong> + participi <\/strong>La Maria ha quedat parada.<br \/>\n<strong><em>Deixar <\/em><\/strong><strong> + participi <\/strong>La Gemma ha deixat feta la feina.<br \/>\nAquestes per\u00edfrasis indiquen la conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia d&#8217;una acci\u00f3.<br \/>\n<strong><em>Tenir <\/em><\/strong><strong> + participi <\/strong><br \/>\nTenim decidit d&#8217;anar-hi.<br \/>\nEn aquest cas la per\u00edfrasi indica la resoluci\u00f3 de l&#8217;acci\u00f3.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les per\u00edfrasis verbals s\u00f3n la uni\u00f3 de dos verbs, un d&#8217;auxiliar, que es conjuga adoptant el temps i la persona corresponents, i un de principal, que pren la forma d&#8217;infinitiu, gerundi o participi. La uni\u00f3 de tots dos expressa una &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/?p=5892\">Continua llegint <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gramatica-entrades-varies"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5892"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5911,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5892\/revisions\/5911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beseit.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}